ALL EXPERIMENTS
NCERT · Class 10 · Chapter 6

Triangles
same shape, any size

From similar figures to the Basic Proportionality Theorem, the similarity criteria, and measuring a tower by its shadow — all drawn out on the surveyor's blueprint table.

6.2 · What makes figures similar

Same shape, not necessarily the same size. Two polygons are similar only when both conditions hold: corresponding angles equal, and corresponding sides proportional. Tap each pair to check.

Similar Not similar

The photographer's scale factor

Enlarging a photograph keeps every angle the same and stretches every side by the same ratio — the scale factor.

Original: 35 mm × 24 mm
Enlarged: 52.5 mm × 36 mm

Ratio of corresponding sides = 35 : 52.5 — the same for every side.

6.3 · The Basic Proportionality (Thales') Theorem

Drag D along AB and E along AC independently. When AD/DB = AE/EC, the theorem's converse guarantees DE is parallel to BC — watch the line snap to parallel and turn green.

AD/DB =
AE/EC =

Theorem 6.1: DE ∥ BC ⟹ AD/DB = AE/EC.
Theorem 6.2 (converse): AD/DB = AE/EC ⟹ DE ∥ BC.

6.4 · Criteria for similarity — AA, SSS, SAS

You never need to check all six pairs of corresponding parts. Any one of these shortcuts is enough to prove two triangles similar. Tap a pair to check.

Similar Not similar

Indirect measurement with similar triangles

This is how heights of mountains and distant towers get measured — without ever touching them. Two right triangles, same angle of elevation, proportional sides.

Tower height
Similar triangles
ΔPole ~ ΔTower
height / shadow is the same for both — the sun's rays hit at the same angle everywhere.

Distance from post
Shadow length
Lamp height 3.6 m, girl's height 0.9 m, walking speed 1.2 m/s.

ΔABE ~ ΔCDE (AA)  →  BE/DE = AB/CD